HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) and AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) began to expand in the 1980s. In the mid-1990s, the number of people with HIV/AIDS tripled in low-income countries (Schneider, Birger, Haakenstad, Singh, Hamavid, Chapin, Dieleman, 2016).
Following the upward trend, the disease continued to spread until it became a global pandemic. Currently, according to data from the World Health Organization (2018), there are 36.9 million people in the world living with HI /AIDS, a number that is on the rise despite the multiple health efforts that are being carried out to reduce the spread of this disease.
The HIV pandemic is considered as a consequence of globalization; its transmission has been associated with the ease with people move between different countries (Coovadia & Hadingham, 2005), the migratory phenomena, the digitization, (Tufte, 2006), the current economic order that prevents the most vulnerable or needy people financial access to health (Torres-Ruiz, 2006), war conflicts and the lack of promotion of adequate public and social policies (Levin Institute, 2008).